The journal may retract a published article when there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable or when serious violations of publication or research ethics have occurred.

Reasons for retraction may include fabrication or falsification of data, plagiarism, duplicate publication, major authorship violations, serious ethical misconduct, manipulated peer review, or other circumstances that substantially compromise the integrity of the published work.

A retracted article will remain part of the scholarly record with a clear retraction notice identifying the reason for the retraction.